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TODAY IN MILITARY HISTORY
1250BC First day of the Tyrean Era
202BC Scipio defeated Hannibal in the Battle of Zama, effectively ending the Second Punic War [Astron] -- Learn More
63BC Cicero learns of Catiline's Conspiracy
0    Feast of St. Peter of Alcantara, Patron of Brazil
0    the Feast of St. Frithuswith, Princess of Eynsham, Abbess, Patron of Oxford and of Oxford University, and that of St. Cleopatra of Edra, Widow, and that of St. Peter of Alcantara, Patron of Brazil
0    Roman Festival of the Armilustrum; the ritual purification of weapons and their storage for the winter
439    Genseric's Vandals take Carthage from the Romans
1298    Murder of 140 Jews in Heilbron, Germany
1448    Second Battle of Kosovo: Ottomans defeat the Hungarians
1453    French capture Bordeaux from the English: The Hundred Years' War ends
1466    Second Peace of Thorn: Teutonic Knights submit to Polish sovereignty and cede Pomerania
1469    Ferdinand II of Aragon (17) wed Isabella of Castile (18) at in Valladolid, leading to the unification Spain
1540    Battle of Mobile: de Soto's Spaniards defeat the Choctaw
1765    Stamp Act Congress meets
1781    the British formally surrendered Yorktown to George Washington -- Learn More
1793    Maj Napoleone Buonaparte, 24, is promoted to general of brigade for his role in organizing the grand battery during the Siege of Toulon
1812    Napoleon begins his retreat from Moscow
1813    Napoleon was routed by the Austrians, Russians, & Prussians on the fourth day of the Battle of Leipzig -- Learn More
1818    US & the Chicasaw sign a treaty
1861    Skirmish at Big Hurricane Creek, Mo
1863    Battle of Buckland Mills, Va
1864    Battle of Cedar Creek: Phil Sheridan defeats Jubal Early
1864    Battle of St. Albans, Vt.: Confederate raiders attack the town but are routed by local citizens
1879    William Tecumseh Sherman says "War is hell"
1888    Palestinian Arabs attacked the Jewish village of Moshav Gederah
1912    Tripoli passes from Turkish to Italian control
1915    Russia and Italy declare war on Bulgaria
1915    USN establishes a submarine base at New London, Ct.
1917    a German Zeppelin raid on London caused 36 deaths, but five of the eleven airships failed to return to base -- Learn More
1921    Ticker tape parade on Broadway for Marshal Armando V. Diaz, who restored the Italian Army after Caporetto and led it to victory
1925    the War of the Dog began between Greece & Bulgaria -- Learn More
1926    Leon Trotsky was expelled from the Politburo of the Communist Party of the USSR.
1935    Red Chinese "Long March" ends (from Oct 21, 1934)
1950    UN forces enter Pyongyang, capital of North Korea
1951    Pres Truman formally ends state of war with Germany
1987    US warships destroy Iranian oil platforms in Persian Gulf

BORN
1748    Thomas Graham, British general, Peninsular War, later 1st Baron Lynedoch, GCB GCMG, d. 1842 -- Learn More
1810    Cassius Marcellus Clay, abolitionist, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1903
1821    Charles Jean Jacques Joseph Ardant du Picq, French officer and military theorist ("Battle Studies"), died-of-wounds 1870
1824    Rufus Saxton, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1908
1834    Francis C. Barlow, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1896
1862    Bertram T. Clayton, in Alabama, led Brooklyn's cavalry in 1898, senior West Pointer kia in WW I, as a colonel in 1918 -- Learn More
1871    Luigi Albertini, Italian statesman, journalist, and historian ("Origins of the War of 1914"), d. 1941
1901    Arleigh "31 Knot" Burke, destroyerman, CNO (1955-1961), d 1996
1934    Yakubu Gowon, general, dictator of Nigeria (1966-75)
1950    Charles Marie Jérome Victor Napoléon Bonaparte, one of two pretenders to the Napoléonic throne of France VII

DIED
1187    Pope Urban III - Uberto Crivelli (1185-1187)
1216    King John of England (1199-1216), 49, who assented to 'Magna Carta'
1587    Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1574-1587), at 46
1789    Rear Adm. of the Red Sir Francis William Drake, Bart., c. 60 -- Learn More
1790    Lyman Hall, Signer of the Declaration of Independence, b. 1724
1813    Prince Józef Antoni Poniatowski, 40, Marshal of France, drowned at Leipzig
1863    John Tommy, 70th New York, at 20 of wounds from Gettysburg, the first Chinese American known to have died for his country -- Learn More
1921    Machado Santos (46) and Carlos da Maia (43), among the founders of the Portuguese Republic, and Antonio Granjo (59), sometime PM of Portugal, murdered